Force and motion is at the heart of much of physics. Position, velocity, and acceleration are physical quantities that describe the motion of an object. Newton's three laws of motion extend this description to include the effects of forces applied on an object. Objects can move linearly in a particular direction or undergo circular (or rotational) motion. The centripetal force towards the center of a circle maintains an object's circular motion.
v= Δx Δt
a= Δv Δt
a= v 2 v 1 t 2 t 1
F w =mg
F=kx
a= F m
a c = v t 2 r
F c = m v 2 r
τ=r×F
F=G m 1 m 2 r 2
2A: Velocity, position, and time
2B: Acceleration
2C: Hooke's law
2D: Static equilibrium
2E: Newton's second law
2F: Circular motion
2G: Orbits
position, origin, coordinates, displacement, vector, magnitude, scalar, speed, velocity, slope, acceleration, average velocity, instantaneous velocity, force, newton (N), pound, weight, free-body diagram, normal force, net force, spring constant, spring, torque, line of action, equilibrium, fulcrum, lever, friction, Newton's first law of motion, Newton's second law of motion, Newton's third law of motion, momentum, impulse, angular velocity, radian, centripetal force, centripetal acceleration, law of universal gravitation, satellite, orbit, variable, equation
By the end of this chapter you should be able to:
write down the equations of motion for position, velocity, and acceleration;
solve one- and two-step problems using those equations;
state Newton's three laws and give examples;
define momentum and explain how it can be changed;
explain Hooke's law and apply it to springs;
describe static equilibrium; and
describe centripetal force and the equations of circular motion.
48Cassini Mission to Saturn
49Chapter summary
50Motion
51Vectors
52Speed and velocity
53Velocity, position, and time relationships
54Position versus time graph
55Velocity versus time graph
562A: Velocity, position, and time
57Acceleration
58Velocity in accelerated motion
59Acceleration on motion graphs
60Average and instantaneous velocity
61How position changes in accelerated motion
622B: Acceleration
63Section 1 review
64Forces and Newton's laws
65Weight
66Free-body diagrams
67Net force
682C: Hooke's law
69Springs and Hooke's law
70Torque
71Equilibrium and statics
72Rotational equilibrium
732D: Static equilibrium
74Newton's first law and friction
75Newton's second law
762E: Newton's second law
77Reaction forces and the third law
78Momentum
79Momentum and inertia
80Impulse
81Impulse and Newton's second law
82Design an egg drop container
83Section 2 review
84Circular motion
85Rolling
862F: Circular motion
87Centripetal acceleration and force
88Law of universal gravitation
89Orbits and satellite motion
902G: Orbits
91Section 3 review
92Solving harder physics problems
93Using equations
94Using information and combining equations
95Using consistent units
96Section 4 review
97Exploring Mars
99Chapter review


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